Pleiotropic Effects of White Will…Adult Keratinocytes.

In lab tests on human skin cells, willow bark extract reduced inflammatory responses triggered by bacterial lipopolysaccharides—specifically lowering production of inflammatory molecules (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8) and helping skin cells recover wound-healing ability. The extract worked both alone and combined with a humectant ingredient, suggesting potential benefits for acne-prone skin, though these are early-stage lab results, not real-world skin testing.