Chemopreventive and Chemotherapeu…ents: A Mini-review.

Propolis, a waxy substance made by bees, showed promise in laboratory and animal studies against several cancer types—particularly oral, gastrointestinal, skin, breast, and prostate cancers. It works through multiple mechanisms: triggering cancer cell death, stopping cell growth, and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the research is mostly preliminary; human clinical trials are needed before propolis can be considered an actual cancer treatment.