Glycolic Acid
molecular structure · PubChem
AKA: 2-Hydroxyacetic acid, 79-14-1, Hydroxyacetic acid, Hydroxyethanoic acid, Glycollic acid, Glycolate, Alpha-Hydroxyacetic acid, 2-Hydroxyethanoic acid, Kyselina glykolova
Synthetic
Chemical Exfoliant
Acid
Not Clean
Based on the available information included in this report, the CIR Expert Panel concludes that Glycolic and Lactic Acid, their common salts and their simple esters, are safe for use in cosmetic products at concentrations less than or equal to 10%, at final formulation pH greater than or equal to 3.5, when formulated to avoid increasing sun sensitivity or when directions for use include the daily use of sun protection. These ingredients are safe for use in salon products at concentrations less than or equal to 30%, at final formulation pH greater than or equal to 3.0, in products designed for brief, discontinuous use followed by thorough rinsing from the skin, when applied by trained professionals, and when application is accompanied by directions for the daily use of sun protection...Glycolic Acid...
Formula
C2H4O3
Mol. Weight
76.05
CAS #
79-14-1
State
Solid
Pairs Well With
Functions
Buffering
Supports cell turnover
Smooths skin texture
Brightens uneven skin tone
EWG
6
CIR
Safe as used
Pregnancy
—
Restricted By
CIR Safety Findings
ewg-6
medical-approval
all-shades-safe
Phototoxicity Concern
Use Caution With
Regulatory Agencies
Skin Types
●all-skin-types
Best For
General
The paper trail
🔬Peer-reviewed1 paper →
⚖️Regulatory1 listing →
🛡️Safety-assessed2 reviews →
Counts, not a verdict. A listing isn't a study. The trail, you decide.
Verified Jun 2026
Data: PubChem · CosIng · EWG · CIR